Issued in early January, the

 listed the top 20 traffic bottlenecks in Canada, with major freeways such as Toronto’s Highway 401 and Montreal’s Highway 40 making up the worst stretches of road in the country.

A 15-kilometre stretch of the 401, for example, adds an average of 36 minutes to a 60-minute commute, leading to 3.2 million hours of delays each year.

The CAA identified the worst bottlenecks by analysing provincial and municipal traffic-volume numbers along with GPS data over nearly 3,000 kilometres of roads across Canada. Toronto dominated the rankings, taking up half of the 20 top spots, followed by Montreal, which had five.

CAA spokesperson Ian Jack said the report highlights the urgent need for action on addressing gridlock across the country. He added that simply building more roads is not the answer.

“It may be a matter of pouring concrete and asphalt in some cases, but there are a lot of other solutions as well,” he said.

“What we are trying to do here, with the report, is identify the problem and how to reduce the traffic jams we do have in those locations most efficiently, with technology and innovations.”